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Safe security notes for DeFi operators.

Runtime Guard content is for operators already close to the Safe multisig problem: signing workflows, transaction review, co-signers, timelocks, and failure modes.

Safe basics

Safe vs Ledger for DeFi

Why a Ledger protects a key, while Safe protects an operation.

Transaction review

How to review a Safe transaction before signing

A practical checklist for Safe owners and hardware-wallet signers.

Co-signers

What a Safe co-signer is and when it helps

Where co-signing reduces signer fatigue and where it creates the wrong dependency.

Verdicts

What GREEN does not mean

GREEN is defined checks passed, not a profit, lawfulness, or safety guarantee.

Failure modes

Common DeFi signing mistakes for multisig operators

Approvals, recipient mistakes, owner changes, module changes, delegatecall, and stale nonces.

Lockdown

Safe timelocks and panic lockdown

How delay and lockdown mechanisms create an intervention window for high-value Safes.